Category: Casting

Rod Loading by Daniel le Breton

As promised, here is Daniel le Breton’s latest paper on rod loading. I’ve added an addendum which contains results of a simulation to act as an example of how rod loading and rod selection can affect the cast. (Note that there are two documents).

[embeddoc url=”http://wildoutfitting.com/testwp4920/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/Road_loading_Jan5.docx” download=”all” viewer=”microsoft”]

[embeddoc url=”http://wildoutfitting.com/testwp4920/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/Addendum-by-Walter-1.docx” download=”all” viewer=”microsoft”]

Practice with a purpose

We’ve talked about training rather than straining in order to avoid becoming injured. The next advice in the area of practice is learning to practice with a purpose. The goal is to make the most of your training sessions by continuing to avoid injury and to practice the things you need to practice in order to advance your skills. The things to keep in mind when practicing with a purpose are:

  • Set up a plan and stick to it. If you are going to practice your accuracy casts regularly then don’t let yourself get sidetracked by beginning every lesson with distance casting.
  • Concentrate on the things you need to improve, not the things you are already very good at. Each of us will be different in this respect although virtually everyone will begin with learning to control their loops. Are you able to consistently cast over 85 feet and make it look easy but can’t seem to hit a target? Then you should probably spend most of your time practicing accuracy rather than distance.
  • Start every practice session with some warm up drills. Make sure you are stretched and warmed up before getting into the practice session.
  • Vary your practicing and forget what the test requires. Instead of setting up targets at 30, 40 and 50 feet try setting up targets at different distances and at different angles rather than just on top of your tape. If you can consistently hit targets at any distance up to 50 feet then you will have a lot more confidence in your ability to perform this task during the test. Some of my fellows take a number of tennis balls and toss them out onto the field as their targets for their practice session.
  • Don’t worry about meeting the minimum requirements of a task but concentrate on meeting the requirements with ease. You are required to cast 85 feet – is that your personal best? If so, then don’t count on adrenaline to get you across the line in the test. Continue practicing until you can hit 90 or 95 feet consistently with minimal effort and with the line landing straight.
  • If one of your casts is giving you a problem then break it down into smaller parts and identify the things that are giving you problems. Fix these items and then put it all back together. You might recognize this as a form of Whole-Part-Whole. It works for your students and it works for you as well.
  • Work with your mentor to identify the areas to concentrate on and what sort of practice drills might help you fix an issue. Revisit the Baker’s dozen and see how they apply to practicing with a purpose.
  • Set aside a time to practice each day stick to it. If you set a regular time you are more likely to stick to practicing each day. Make sure people know that this is your time for practice and that you should not be disturbed. But don’t let your schedule become too much of a habit – vary your times on occasion. If you become mentally conditioned to making your best efforts at a certain time of day you may find your test time is not optimal for you.
  • Make sure you revisit the things you don’t concentrate on regularly to ensure you continue to improve or don’t backslide in those areas.
  • Train. Don’t strain.

Preparing for a casting certification test can be difficult because you need to practice a broad range of skills and it can be hard concentrate on one or two things. When I first began working towards becoming a certified instructor I printed out the performance test, took it to the field and worked my way through each task every time I practiced. After a couple of weeks I found that I spent about 10 minutes each session running through the parts of the test I felt mildly interested in and then spent the rest of my session trying to see if my distance cast had somehow improved from the previous day. Instead of my casting improving it became very sloppy. My loops were large and I was constantly ticking the grass. I was in no condition to attempt the test. At some point I decided that if I was going to pass the test I needed to concentrate on what was really required. Instead of spending every day trying to cast farther I concentrated on increasing the distance for which I had good loop control. If I started each session and found that I could easily handle the distance from the previous day then I added 1 or 2 feet for that session – no more than that. If I felt the loops weren’t up to my satisfaction I shortened the line until I felt I was back in control. By changing my practice methods I found that within a few weeks my casting, and my best distance, improved significantly. It takes patience but it pays off in the long run. Instead of running through the test every day you should run through it every few weeks to identify what things you need to concentrate on for the upcoming weeks. Select a limited number of items you think you can improve and stick to those.

One more tip – review your equipment regularly as well. Make sure you are getting the performance you need from the equipment you have selected and that it is kept in peak form.

Train Don’t Strain

We tend to think of fly casting as a low stress physical activity so the likelihood of injury is low (with the exception of being hit with a hook perhaps) but in reality injured wrists, elbows and shoulders among those who are preparing for their master certification are quite common. Most candidates will spend a year or more practicing for an hour or more each day as they prepare for the test. This typically leads to injuries that are gradual onset in nature but sudden onset injuries happen as well. If you have spent several months preparing it is hard to back off when an injury occurs. It is also common to increase practice sessions significantly as the test draws near.

In order to prevent injuries there are some precautions you should take:

  • warm up prior to practicing. Begin with stretching, short casting, or light resistance exercise.
  • stay within your capabilities. If you’ve never cast anything heavier than a 5 weight rod don’t jump to a 13 weight to increase your strength. When practicing distance casting try to maintain good form rather than attempt to hit a new personal best in every workout.
  •  increase your workouts gradually. Add a few minutes to your workout each week or increase rod weight gradually over the course of several weeks or months. Don’t be fooled here – you may feel fine after adding 15 minutes or a half hour to your regular practice sessions but remember that many of the injuries you will experience are gradual onset in nature. It may take days or weeks before you begin to experience pain and by then it may be too late to simply back off.
  • don’t train to your maximum every day. It’s tempting to finish every practice session by seeing how far you can cast but you will do better by limiting these sessions to once or twice per week.
  • aim for smoothness and avoid jerky movements.

Learn to take frequent breaks. If you experience pain then it’s time to call it a day. If the pain persists for a few days then you should consider seeing your doctor.

Finally, if you do experience an injury, you should book a few sessions with a casting instructor after your recovery to get advice on things you may be doing wrong.

Stay healthy and enjoy the journey.

Glossary of Fly Casting Terms

In addition to the definitions for casting terms provided by the Casting Education Committee the following terms are relevant for casting instructors or those who are considering a certification test. The list is my own and is by no means to be considered complete. These are the terms only and definitions are not included as there are no Casting Certification Organization Approved definitions for these terms. I have included reference sources where definitions for these terms, and many others, can be found.

  • 180 degree rule
  • association
  • casting mechanics (the 5 essentials)
  • casting plane
  • change of direction cast
  • chunking
  • cognitive overload
  • concave path
  • convex path
  • counterflex
  • covering vs teaching
  • D loop
  • dangle
  • distributed practice
  • doming
  • energy
  • fast rod
  • fly leg
  • fluorocarbon
  • force (f=ma)
  • kinetic energy
  • leg
  • Lift
  • line plane
  • loop velocity
  • minimum chord length
  • monofilament
  • muscle memory
  • over powered curve
  • overhang
  • pause
  • pick up and lay down cast (aka puld or puald)
  • plane
  • potential energy
  • power
  • praise, prompt, leave
  • puald – aka pick up and lay down cast
  • puld – aka pick up and lay down cast
  • rebound
  • recency and primacy
  • river left
  • river right
  • rod action
  • rod flex
  • rod leg
  • rod plane
  • rod straight position
  • RSP – aka rod straight position
  • running line
  • say-see-do
  • sequencing
  • shooting head
  • six step method
  • slack
  • slide loading
  • slow rod
  • SLP – aka straight line path
  • spey cast
  • spine (aka spline)
  • staircasing
  • stop
  • straight line path
  • style
  • substance
  • switch cast
  • the five essentials
  • thrust
  • timing
  • tracking
  • trajectory
  • Under powered curve
  • whole-part-whole
  • X ( a North American term for leader and tippet thickness)

You can find definitions for these terms at the following locations on line. Be aware that the definitions may not always agree.

– http://www.hooked-on-flies.com/glossary.htmhttp://macbrownflyfish.com/fly-casting-definitions/

– http://fedflyfishers.org/Resources/Education/FlyFishingGlossary.aspx

– http://www.fieldflyfishing.com/resources/glossary.html

– http://forums.ozarkanglers.com/topic/9037-glossary-of-fly-casting-terms/

– http://www.wildoutfitting.com/mci/emailarchive/mlistarchive/doc01Yrh9nQPi.doc

– The Baker’s Dozen – article by Dayle Mazzarella

A Picture is Worth a Thousand Words by Peter Glasson

I received this from Peter Glasson in response to my rather wordy description of the casting stroke and the stop. I think it is an excellent diagram that contains many of the terms and expressions we use as casting instructors to describe the casting stroke.

[PG] A picture is worth a thousand words.

[embeddoc url=”http://wildoutfitting.com/testwp4920/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/casting1of3.pdf” download=”all”]

Teaching and Casting by Lefty Kreh

I’m left handed but the Nuns made you write with your right hand. Joe Brooks gave me my first casting lesson in the late 1940s—left town the next day I didn’t want to know why!

For some years I cast left hand-but as I began teaching casting I realized that a good instructors must posses three criteria and I think few do—that is not meant to be egotistical. The three requirements are

(1) You never display your casting knowledge—you share it.

(2) You must be able to cast with either hand. The best way for students to understand what the hand is doing is for the instructor to get behind, take their hand and make the correct strokes. A right hand instructor holding one who is left handed will not make the same smooth moves.

(3) A good instructor should be able to make many, many bad casts. It is here where I feel so many instructors who are caring and sincere fall down. They make statements simply not true. UNLESS YOU CAN MAKE A BAD CAST YOUR REALLY DON’T UNDERSTAND HOW IT’S MADE. If  student has a casting a fault and you show him you can cast with the same fault but then cast and eliminate it—he knows two things—what’s really wrong and you can show him how to correct it.

After a good many years I feel I have conformed to the above three.

Because I learned early to use either hand equally well casting it became a real asset to teaching and fishing.

 
Many years ago my lady asked me to flip our mattress a routine procedure in our marriage. She was on one side of the double bed and I was on the other. Spreading my arms I reached down grabbed the heavy mattress and flipped it over. She could hear from the other side as almost all of bicep muscle tore loose from the elbow. The doctor said I tore if off, which I knew. He knew me well and said if reattached it will be four months in a sling and three to four months of therapy. “Lefty, I watch you and you seem to be able to something as well with either hand. I would suggest you just let it heal and realize you’ll be limited in what you can do with the left one.”

 
I can cast as far with my left hand as I can with my right but it quickly develops a charley horse. During clinics and demos I often switch hands to show something.

You said that  I “have a style.” I don’t have a style. When fly fishing there is no one way to cast. If I’m up against a vertical wall of trees on a trout stream, I put the rod tip at the surface, my thumb is underneath the rod hand with the elbow elevated and I then can throw the fly line straight vertically as the cast ends the rod hand is turned and I direct the cast to the target. If I am in a confined are on a stream using a 9 foot rod. I will slide two feet of the rod behind me grasp the rod at the butt guide allowing me to fish a 7-foot rod in tight quarters and as the cast ends I’ll hold the rod by the handle to fish the fly. Two years ago I was with Ed Jaworowski on a Penn. mountain stream at a private club. There was a large trout rising along the far bank. The cast called for making two different casts (styles). Behind me was a tall fir tree with the lowest branches at least 10 feet from the ground. In front of me was a narrow vertical gap in the trees. A low side cast was made before the cast unrolled behind me I brought the rod to the vertical plane and delivered the forward cast. Since I wanted the leader to fall with slack I towered the vertical forward cast to obtain that slack. It fell two feet in front of the fish. As the fly neared he sucked it it and I had Ed net what they told me was the largest brown ever saw caught at the club. I don’t mean this to be bragging. I’m trying to emphasize there is no one way to cast and to catch that brown trout it required two separate “styles” of casting.

 
I have fished several times in New Guinea, more times in the Amazon and other wild places where there are fish. I have never seen a native cast like most instructors——————unless he was taught by a white man. Go to the Bahamas and spend time bonefishing with a local guide—most can throw the full fly line with little effort. That is because they have to buck the wind and there is nothing around that might  foul the cast and they all use what many call my style. NO. They are instinctively using a natural motion the way their forefathers or a New Guinea native would throw a spear.
My concept for teaching for many years is to teach what a person would do naturally—and I know it conflicts with the method that was developed centuries ago with a rod with no reel and short horsehair line on small stream and it’s much different today. We need a different approach. THERE IS NO SPORT EXCEPT FLY CASTING THAT SUGGESTS YOU USE ONLY YOUR ARM AND WRIST. Everyone uses their body to play ping-pong or throw a Frisbee.

 
I teach four principles, which I developed in the early 1970’s and published them in my saltwater book in the mid 1980s. I can send you those principles if you like and the three aids to casting that have worked wondrously well for my students. (WS-  Lefty did send me these and I will include them in another post).

Casting Analyzer Traces from Bruce

Gordy Hill had asked to see what a casting analyzer chart corresponding with various tip paths would look like. The embedded diagram is the response from Bruce Richards. For those of you who are unfamiliar with casting analyzer charts the X axis displays time and the Y axis displays the angular velocity of the rod butt. You can determine the angular acceleration of the rod butt by the steepness of the curve. Additional information about the fly casting analyzer is available here.


BruceCATraces

Comments on The Roll Cast by Lefty Kreh

I saw the Federation book and the principles—I think they are mostly correct. But the same book shows making a roll cast where the rod tip is delivered directly at the surface so the photo shows the angler throwing the line around a big circle—wasting most of the cast’s energy. You change the back roll cast because you can’t make a regular backcast—you should never change the regular forward cast since it delivers energy and line in the at the target.

LeftyKrehRollCast